CRM+Notes

-Freedom riders were civil rights activists that rode interstate buses into the segregated southern US to test the US Supreme Court decision Boynton V. Virginia. The first Freedom Ride left DC and was scheduled to arrive in New Orleans.
 * Freedom Rides**

-The Freedom Riders set out to challenge this status quo by riding various forms of public transportation in the South to challenge local laws or customs that enforced segregation. Freedom Riders' rights were not enforced, and their actions were considered criminal acts throughout most of the South.

-Riders were arrested for trespassing, unlawful assembly, and violating state and local Jim Crow laws, along with other alleged offenses.

- The Freedom Rides followed on the heels of dramatic sit-ins against segregated lunch counters conducted by students and youth throughout the South and boycotts beginning in 1960s.

- African - American and white civil rights activists set out from DC, they traveled on buses to the south to test a US Supreme Court decision declaring that interstate bus stations had to be integrated. Violent attacks in Southern states forced a stop to freedom ride, as the trips became known, but soon other brace activists joined the riders. Their actions forced the reluctant administration of President John F Kennedy to secure the safety of African- Americans and their constitutional rights.

- The supreme court had ruled that segregation on buses that traveled across state lines was against the law, yet segregation still existed.

-When buses went from northern states to southern states, the white and black had to go to separate sections. When the buses stop in the South, the blacks still faced segregation in the bathrooms, waiting rooms, and water fountains.

-People didnt like Freedom riders, in Alabama, people threw rocks at the buses and slashed the tires. When the buses raced out of the town and stopped to change the tires, the mob followed and threw fire bombs in the front door. Many people were either beaten, killed, or jailed.

"If you miss me at the back of the bus, and you can't find me nowhere, come on up to the front of the bus, i'll be ridin' up there. I'll be ridin' up there, i'll be ridin' up there. Come on up to the front of the bus, i'll be ridin' up there."

PICTURES http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.pitchengine.com/brands/americanexperience/images/38907/FreedomRiders.CORBIS.72.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.pitchengine.com/americanexperience/american-experience-announces-major-outreach-campaign-for-stanley-nelsons-freedom-riders-premiering-may-2011/38907/&usg=__2YX1-Gz7ICYXHGJ0nscmIp01K9Q=&h=486&w=693&sz=231&hl=en&start=0&zoom=1&tbnid=I1mQBhuJ3sx3GM:&tbnh=136&tbnw=181&ei=3lHUTbmrPNK88gP4vsz5Aw&prev=/search%3Fq%3Dfreedom%2Brides%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dsafari%26sa%3DN%26rls%3Den%26biw%3D1280%26bih%3D621%26tbm%3Disch&um=1&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=125&vpy=125&dur=269&hovh=188&hovw=268&tx=103&ty=105&sqi=2&page=1&ndsp=18&ved=1t:429,r:0,s:0__//

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__http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USAlewisJ.htm__

__http://biology.clc.uc.edu/fankhauser/Society/freedom_rides/freedom_ride_jpegs/19_slide0027_image039.jpg__

__http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-2fXRXvlTb2s/TdBmbqXXNdI/AAAAAAAASck/WWm6_NjnlVE/s1600/61freedom%2Brides2.jpg&imgrefurl=http://transgriot.blogspot.com/2011/05/freedom-rides-50th-anniversary.html&usg=//__//H6qJ1bLLYfxK2OODf2g9M5pU2Dg=&h=235&w=300&sz=24&hl=en&start=0&zoom=1&tbnid=SusKkZ0U1zYLWM:&tbnh=136&tbnw=174&ei=mlLUTa_cD5Cr8AOqqOCBCw&prev=/search%3Fq%3Dfreedom%2Brides%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dsafari%26rls%3Den%26biw%3D1280%26bih%3D621%26tbm%3Disch&um=1&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=328&vpy=125&dur=204&hovh=188&hovw=240&tx=174&ty=138&sqi=2&page=1&ndsp=18&ved=1t:429,r:1,s:0//

http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.newgeorgiaencyclopedia.org/media_content/m-3082.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.newgeorgiaencyclopedia.org/nge/Multimedia.jsp%3Fid%3Dm-3082%26adv%3Dy&usg=__BOO1dhclUOgFgwAfVluh6DKkx3I=&h=200&w=300&sz=34&hl=en&start=0&zoom=1&tbnid=jv3pAen86YtmiM:&tbnh=131&tbnw=157&ei=yFrUTYryGNCo8QOpyZD8Cg&prev=/search%3Fq%3Dfreedom%2Brides%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dsafari%26sa%3DN%26rls%3Den%26biw%3D1280%26bih%3D621%26tbm%3Disch&um=1&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=512&vpy=356&dur=2324&hovh=160&hovw=240&tx=105&ty=137&sqi=2&page=1&ndsp=18&ved=1t:429,r:14,s:0//

BOOKS

Dale, Anderson. //Freedom Rides//. Minneapolis: Compass Point Books, 2008. Print.

